Global Footprint Network (GFN) had recently highlighted that the Earth Overshoot Day (EOD) is constantly moving up the calendar. What is Earth Overshoot Day? Also, discuss how such trend could be reversed. (200 words)
Refer – Financial Express
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KEY POINTS
Earth Overshoot Day
· Earth Overshoot Day marks the date when we (all of humanity) have used more from nature than our planet can renew in the entire year.
· August 1 was marked the Earth Overshoot Day (EOD, previously Ecological Debt Day) this year. EOD fell on August 2 last year.
· It implies the humanity consumed natural resources (forest/crop/grazing lands, water, clean air, fishing areas) a day earlier than what the Earth’s ecosystem can provide for the entire year.
· From an economic perspective, EOD represents the day the humanity enters ecological deficit spending.
Impacts
· The costs of this ecological overspending include deforestation, collapsing fisheries, fresh-water scarcity, soil erosion, biodiversity loss, buildup of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
· It will lead to climate change and more severe droughts, wildfires, and hurricanes.
· These threats can produce desperation and force many people to migrate to cities or other countries.
Measures
· Population – Stabilise population growth
· Cities – Replace cars with public transports, biking and walking
· Food – Strive for zero-waste
· Energy – Reduce the carbon component of humanity’s Ecological Footprint
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