What is the issue?
- The problem of AMR is advancing rapidly across the globe.
- India needs an integrated health approach to address AMR.
What is AMR?
- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is the broader term for resistance in different types of microorganisms, encompassing resistance to antibacterial, antiviral, anti-parasitic and antifungal drugs.
- It occurs when microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites change in ways that render the medications used to cure the infections ineffective.
- These resistant microorganisms are often referred to as “superbugs”.
- This is a major concern because a resistant infection may kill, can spread to others, and imposes huge costs to individuals and society.
What should India’s approach be?
- Increased access to health services - In the areas of both prevention and treatment it will boost overall population health and diminishes the spread of infectious bacteria.
- This is especially important for poor or marginalised populations, many of whom lack adequate sanitation and hygiene and are at greater risk of bacterial infections.
- Quality health services - This will result in the more rational use of antibiotics, which can decrease healthcare-associated bacterial infections.
- Advances in antibiotic stewardship and infection control including the provision of adequate water, sanitation and hygiene can reduce infections occurring in health facilities.
- Affordable healthcare policies - Stringent treatment guidelines and revised incentive schemes have significant potential to advance both the Universal Health Coverage and AMR agendas.
- Such policies will reduce out-of-pocket expenditure, and help increase access to antimicrobial drugs.
- Public Awareness - Dissemination of high-quality information and advice to public and health workers on the rational use of antibiotics will help them to treat ailments more efficiently and optimally.
Source: Business Line
