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Prelim Bits

Hornbill Festival

Prelims: Current events of national and international importance | Culture

Why in News?

Union Minister for Communications & Development of North Eastern Regions (DoNER) has participated in the recently held 26^th edition of Hornbill Festival of Nagaland.

December 1 is Nagaland Statehood Day, thus the Hornbill Festival begins on that day and goes on for 10 days.

Hornbill Festival – It is a 10-day annual celebration observed by the Tribes of Nagaland.
Location – Kisama Heritage Village, Nagaland.
- Nagaland is also known as “The Land of Festivals”.
Origin – It began in 2000 and is named after hornbill, a bird that symbolizes beauty and grace in Naga folklore and ritual.
Aim – To revive and protect the rich culture of Nagaland and display its extravaganza and traditions.
It unites 16 Naga tribes of Nagaland to celebrate in colourful costumes, pulsating rhythm, and musical stories.
Organized by – State Tourism and the Art & Culture Departments.

Quick Fact

Great Hornbill

Scientific name – Buceros bicornis, also known as Great Pied Hornbill.

Greater Hornbill

Appearance - The great hornbill is a large, distinctive bird with a large yellow and black casque on its bill, contrasting black wings and tail with a white body, and bright yellow eyes.
Size - It is a large bird, measuring approximately 95–130 cm in length and weighing 2–4 kg.
Habitat - Hornbills prefer tall trees for their nests and has mutualism between them.
Range - Found in the Himalayan foothills, the Northeast and the Western Ghats.
Diet - It is predominantly a fruit-eater but also preys on small animals, has a heavy, loud flight.
Nesting - It exhibits a unique nesting behavior where the female seals herself in a tree cavity during incubation.
Ecological significance - They play a vital role in dispersing the seeds of about 80 rainforest trees.
Threats - Illegal logging, hunting.
Conservation Status
- IUCN – Vulnerable.
- CITES - Appendix I.
- Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 – Schedule I.

The Great Indian Hornbill is the State bird of both Kerala and Arunachal Pradesh.

References

Prelim Bits

Right to Disconnect Bill, 2025

Prelims: Current events of national and international importance | Polity & Governance

Why in news?

The Right to Disconnect Bill, 2025 was introduced in the Lok Sabha as a private member bill.

Purpose – To create clear & enforceable boundaries between professional demands and personal time, as digital communication, constant connectivity, and remote work have increasingly blurred the work-life balance.
Objective – To foster better quality of life, healthier work-life balance, and reduce burnout caused by constant digital connectivity.

India currently follows a 48-hour work week, one of the more demanding globally.

Provisions of the bill

Not obliged to respond – Employees should not be compelled to respond to official communication after work hours or on holidays.
Right to refuse after-hours contact – It seeks to give employees the legal right to refuse work-related calls, messages and emails outside official working hours and on holidays without fear of disciplinary action.
Scope of communication covered – The right applies to all forms of communication like phone calls, texts, emails, video calls, etc.
Emergency rules – Employers and employees must mutually agree on emergency contact rules, if needed.
Overtime pay – If employees work beyond office hours, they must be paid overtime at their normal wage rate.
Institutional Mechanism – It proposes creation of an Employees’ Welfare Authority to safeguard this right.
Counselling support – Additional support includes counselling services to increase awareness of reasonable technology use.
Digital detox centres – Proposed to set up digital detox centres to help workers reduce distractions and focus on personal relationships.
Penalty – It suggests a penalty of 1% of the total employee remuneration for organisations that violate this right.

Private member Bill is a bill introduced by a member of the Parliament other than a minister; however, private member's bills rarely become law and are usually withdrawn after the government responds.

References

IAS Parliament Current Affairs December 2025

IAS Parliament Current Affairs November 2025

IAS Parliament Current Affairs October 2025

IAS Parliament Current Affairs September 2025

IAS Parliament Current Affairs August 2025

IAS Parliament Current Affairs July 2025

IAS Parliament Current Affairs June 2025

IAS Parliament Current Affairs May 2025

IAS Parliament Current Affairs April 2025

IAS Parliament Current Affairs March 2025

IAS Parliament Current Affairs February 2025

IAS Parliament Current Affairs January 2025

IAS Parliament Current Affairs December 2024

Keeping up with UPSC Current Affairs through IAS Parliament

Preparing for the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) examination is an exceptionally demanding process, requiring not only a solid grasp of core subjects but also a thorough and up-to-date understanding of current affairs. Given the vastness of the UPSC syllabus, current events play a critical role in shaping the examination questions. Success in the UPSC requires aspirants to stay continuously informed about the latest national and international developments.

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