Article 356 (President’s Rule)

Why in News?

President Droupadi Murmu issued a proclamation under Article 356 to Manipur, citing a report from Governor Ajay Kumar Bhalla, addressing the ongoing issue of ethnic violence.

• President's Rule (Article 356) – It is imposed when the President is satisfied that a state government cannot function according to constitutional provisions.
• The President assumes the functions of the state government, the Governor, and any other administrative authority inside the state.

• Under this rule, the Governor will administer the state on behalf of the President.
• The Governor will also seek assistance from the state's chief secretary or presidentially nominated advisors.
• The President also assumes the powers of the state legislature, suspending or dissolving it.
• The Parliament delegates legislative authority to the President or any other authority designated by him or her in this regard.
• The President can also sanction funds from the State Consolidated Fund.
• A law or rule enacted for the state during this time remains in effect even after the President's term ends.
• It can be repealed, changed, or reenacted by the next state legislature.
• Duration – A maximum of 3 years by approval of Parliament every 6 months.
• Parliament’s Role – Every proclamation issued by the President must be approved by Parliament within two months of its issuance.
• Termination – By President, any time he thinks fit, doesn’t need parliament’s approval.
• Additionally, the President's rule does not affect the fundamental rights of citizens.

President's Rule has been imposed 134 times throughout 29 states and territories since 1950 when the Constitution first came into force, most frequently in Manipur and Uttar Pradesh 10 times each.

Reference

1. The Hindu | Article 356
2. CNBC TV | President's rule