Tiger

Why in News?

To address the growing Tiger population in Maharashtra, the Maharashtra Forest Minister has recently proposed an "animal museum" with the support from Anant Ambani.

• Scientific Name – Panthera Tigris.
• Conservation Status
  • International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) – Endangered.
  • Wildlife Protection Act,1972 – Schedule I.
  • Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) – Appendix I.
• National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA), 2005 – Statutory body and Nodal Agency under Ministry of Environment Forest Climate and Change.
• All India Tiger Estimation – Conducted by NTCA and Wildlife Institute of India.
• It is conducted every 4 years.
• India is home to 70% of world's tiger population and Annual growth rate is 6.1%.
• Recently - Madhav National park in MP was Declared as 58^th tiger reserve.
• State-wise Tiger Distribution in India (2022) – Madhya Pradesh (Highest in India), which is followed by Karnataka, Uttarakhand, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu.
• Methods Used for Estimation
• Camera Trapping – Tigers are identified based on their unique stripe patterns.
• M-STrIPES (Monitoring System for Tigers – Intensive Protection and Ecological Status) – A GPS-based system for data collection.
• Sign Surveys – Tracking pugmarks, scat.
• Line Transect Sampling – Estimating prey population through field surveys.

Reference

The Hindu | Tiger