UPSC Daily Current Affairs| One Liners 25-01-2025

One Liners 25-01-2025

History, Art and Culture

76^th Uttar Pradesh Foundation Day 2025

• Statehood Day – 1950, 24 January.
• Historical background – It is recognized in the later Vedic Age as Brahmarshi Desha or Madhya Desha.
• 1935 – Its name was shortened to United Provinces.
• 1950 – United Provinces was renamed as Uttar Pradesh.
• It is home to revered places such as,
  • Birthplace of Lord Ram in Ayodhya.
  • Lord Krishna in Mathura.
  • Holy city of Varanasi.
• It is a “Holy Land” in shaping India’s history, mythological tales, and culture.

Geography

Uttar Pradesh

• Capital – Lucknow.
• Languages – Hindi and Urdu.
• Bordered by – Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh in the north, Haryana in the west, Madhya Pradesh in the South and Bihar in the east.
• Rivers – Ganga, Yamuna, Gomti, Ram Ganga, Ghagra, Betwa, Ken.
• It is blessed with fertile and mineral-rich soil.

Polity & Governance

Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats and Tangible Incomes (MISHTI)

• Launched in – 2023.
• Aim – Restoration of mangrove forests by undertaking mangrove reforestation/ afforestation measures along the coast of India.
• Coverage – 540 sq. km of mangroves across 9 coastal states and 4 Union territories.
• Time period – 2023-2028 (5-years).
• Focused on – Sundarbans delta, Hoogly Estuary in West Bengal and other wetlands.
• Implementation - Funding will be done from State CAMPA, National CAMPA &MGNREGA and also from other sources.
• Mangrove Alliance for Climate – “MISHTI” comes after India joined the Alliance.
• It was launched during the 27th Conference of Parties (COP27) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change held in Egypt in November 2022

Digital Tree Aadhaar programme

• Launched in – 2021.
• Launched by:
  • Jammu and Kashmir Forest Department.
  • J&K Forest Research Institute (JKFI).
• Objective – To conserve the iconic Chinar trees, a symbol of the region's cultural and ecological heritage.
• It includes geo-tagging each tree with QR codes to record vital information, such as location, health and growth patterns.

PM Suryaghar Muft Bijli Yojana.

• Launched in – 2024.
• Aim – To increase the share of solar rooftop capacity and empower residential households to generate their own electricity.
• It is the world’s largest residential rooftop solar initiative.
• Time period – Till 2026-27.
• Implemented by – A National programme Implementation Agency (NPIA) at the National level and by the State Implementation Agencies (SIAs) at the state level.
• Working – To provides for a subsidy of 60% of the solar unit cost for systems up to 2kW capacity.
• 40% of additional system cost for systems between 2 to 3kW capacity.

Security

Pralay

• Pralay  – It is the indigenous short-range surface-to-surface quasi-ballistic missile.
• Range – Approximately  400 km.
• It is the 1^st ballistic missile in India for conventional strikes.
• Approved by – Defence Acquisition Council (DAC).
• Development by – Research Centre Imarat, Hyderabad of DRDO
• Capability – To strike different types of targets using different types of warheads.
• Deployment along – Line of Control (LoC).
  • Line of Actual Control (LAC).

SANJAY - The Battlefield Surveillance System (BSS)

• SANJAY – It is an automated Battlefield Surveillance System (BSS) which integrates the inputs from all ground and aerial battlefield sensors.
• It produces a Common Surveillance Picture of the battlefield over secured Army Data Network & Satellite Communication Network.
• Developed by – Indian Army and Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL).
• Applications - Monitors  vast land borders.
  • Prevent intrusions.
  • Assess situations with unparalleled accuracy.
  • Prove to be a force multiplier in intelligence, surveillance & reconnaissance.

Science

International Solar Conference (ISC)

• Conference on – Sun, Space Weather and Solar-Stellar Connections.
• Organised by – Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA).
• Purposes – To commemorate the 125^th anniversary of the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory (KSO).
• Themes – Solar magnetism over long time scales.
  • Solar magnetism in high resolution.
  • Energetic phenomena.
  • Solar-stellar connection.
  • Heliosphere.
  • Space weather.

Kodaikanal Solar Observatory (KSO)

• Established in – 1899.
• Location – Palani hills, Tamil Nadu.
• Operated by – Indian Institute of Astrophysics.
• Observation – It houses a digital repository of 1.2 lakh digitized solar images and 1000s of other images of the Sun recorded every day.
• It made understanding of sunspots, solar flares, coronal mass ejections and other solar phenomena.

Artificial Sun

Chinese scientists achieved a world record with artificial Sun.

• Artificial Sun – It is a mega nuclear fusion device, which generates energy through a fusion process similar to that of the sun.
• Aim - To create clean and sustainable energy through a fusion process for global energy supply.
• Conducted at – Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST).
• Achievement – Maintained plasma temperatures exceeding 100 million degrees Celsius for nearly 18 minutes.