This video from Shankar IAS academy discuss about mining, its various types, environmental impacts, and the growing push for alternative, sustainable practices. From surface mining to deep-sea extraction, we explore how these methods contribute to deforestation and climate change. We also discuss the significant role the Amazon rainforest plays in global ecology and why its preservation is more crucial than ever. In addition, we highlight the importance of renewable energy, focusing on the recent Solar Alliance Stocktake, a major global initiative aimed at accelerating the shift to solar power.