In the context of vaccination, worsening antimicrobial resistance has to battled effectively to handle the existing pandemic in the country. Examine (200 Words)
Refer - The Indian Express
Enrich the answer from other sources, if the question demands.
IAS Parliament 4 years
KEY POINTS
· The previous decade witnessed an unprecedented global political coordination for control of one of the top global health threats: antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
· AMR is a natural process that is accelerated by increasing levels of antibiotic use, shortening the time microbes including bacteria need to acquire resistance to new drugs.
· Such resistance threatens the existence of effective treatment options and our ability to control and prevent infections.
· Following the current trends, in the absence of stringent measures, antibiotics consumption by 2030 is expected to increase by 11.5% in animals, and by a staggering 200% in humans compared to 2015.
· Increased vaccination coverage, infection control and prevention, and clean water and sanitation can reduce the need for antibiotics in both animals and humans.
· AMR-relevant measures in the dashboards represented four categories: policy indicators; antimicrobial resistance indicators; antimicrobial use indicators; and public health indicators.
· Drug Resistance Index (DRI) scores, an aggregate measure of antibiotic effectiveness to treat bacterial infections, were presented for two groups of important bacterial pathogens.
· Combining antibiotic use and resistance in one metric, the DRI overcomes the challenge of conveying national AMR burden given the complexity surrounding the drugs’ varying efficacy against different pathogens.
· Swachh Bharat Abhiyan for sanitation, and the Kayakalp Scheme for improved water, sanitation and hygiene services in health care facilities are also likely to impact AMR.
