10/08/2019 - History

KEY POINTS

Perhaps the simplest, and the most powerful, slogan of the Indian National Movement was “Quit India”, the call and command that Mahatma Gandhi gave to the British rulers of India.

Factors of Quit India Movement

·        The failure of the Cripps Mission in April 1942

·        In December 1941, Japan had attacked Britain’s colonies in Asia, with the Japanese virtually on India’s doorstep in the Northeast.

·        The failure of the Cripps Mission signalled to the Congress that the British were not interested in honest negotiations with Indians, or to accept any genuine constitutional progress or the right of Indians to determine their future.

·        Rising anger and frustration among the people due to high prices and shortage of goods during the War had led to frustration building up among the people.

Impact of the Quit India Movement

·        Symbols of the British were attacked, it was huge urban revolt in various parts of India.

·        People were rushing to withdraw money from banks and post-offices, and starting to hoard coins and precious metals.

·        Early on August 9, 1942, the government cracked down. The entire leadership of the Congress was arrested and taken to unknown destinations. It was the trigger for a volcano of public anger to erupt.

·        The Quit India Movement began spontaneously, without directions or instructions from the leaders of the National Movement.

·        Formation of parallel governments defied British authority.

·        Indian civil servants, army personnel lost their hope on British.

Brutal repression

·        The crackdown the rebellion triggered was unprecedented in its sweep and brutality. Police and soldiers fired indiscriminately at unarmed protesters. Crowds were machine-gunned by military aircraft swooping low over them.

·        This exposed the real face of British and almost undermined their ideological hegemony.

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