18/07/2020 - Geography

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KEY POINTS

Floods in Kaziranga’s ecosystem

·         Assam is traditionally flood prone, and the 1,055 sq km KNPTR sandwiched between the Brahmaputra river and the Karbi Anglong Hills is no exception. It is a riverine ecosystem, not a solid landmass-based ecosystem.

·         The system won’t survive without water. The entire area of Kaziranga  formed by alluvial deposits from the Brahmaputra and its tributaries  is centred around the river.

·         Floodplain eco system” has not only been created by floods but also feeds off it. The regenerative nature of floods helps replenish Kaziranga’s water bodies and maintain its landscape, a mix of wetlands, grasslands and semi-evergreen deciduous forests.

·         The floodwaters also function as a breeding ground for fish. “The same fish are carried away by the receding waters into the Brahmaputra — in a way, the park replenishes the river’s stock of fish too.

·         The waters also help get rid of unwanted plants such as water hyacinth which collect in huge masses in the landscape. “In a herbivore-dominated area like Kaziranga, it is important we maintain its grassland status. If it were not for the annual floods, the area would become a woodland.

·         One-horned rhinos move to higher grounds in the flood-affected area of Kaziranga National Park in Nagaon district, in the northeastern state of Assam, India.

·         Floods are a way of natural selection. A number of animals — especially the old, weak — cannot survive the floods. Only the ones with superior genes survive.

·         Animals adapt naturally to floods but when the waters hit a certain level, they gravitate towards safer, higher ground in the Karbi Anglong hills.

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