Daily Mains Practice Questions 21-02-2023

KEY POINTS

·        The recent case of allegations of sexual harassment that some of India’s sportswomen (wrestling) are said to have faced have shocked us.

·        The Vishaka guidelines on reporting harassment are meant to be followed by government and private institutions equally.

·        The ‘truth’ of victimisation prevailed and it was held that a woman cannot be punished for raising her voice against abuse.

·        Though a specific offence relating to ‘sexual harassment’ (under Section 354-A) was inserted in the Indian Penal Code (IPC) in 2013.

·        It is more visible in the employment imbalance prevalent between men and women, in the organised and unorganised sectors.

·        The numbers matter when it comes to power emanating from the majority. One musters courage to voice one’s grievance when there are sufficient numbers in support of the affected person.

·        The absence of an enabling and safe working environment is one of the factors for the poor participation of women in the labour force.

·        Similarly, providing a safe work environment is the responsibility of the employer. The employer needs to ensure that the working environment is safe and women friendly.

·        Unless society as a whole works incessantly to bring about the required changes in the existing socio-cultural and economic structures to eliminate indirect violence, root and branch, the status quo may not change.

KEY POINTS

·        The size of the cyber security market catering to enterprise boards is expected to be significant and is projected to continue to grow in the coming years.

·        The global cyber security market is expected to grow from $152 billion in 2018 to $250 billion by this year-end.

·        Vulnerabilities, protection and technology are now an inevitable part of board discussion.

·        Worldwide, cyber oversight has moved beyond being just a good policy to become legally enforced governance duty. This leads all boards to a good news/bad news update on board cyber oversight.

·        The new breed of CISO is not just deep on technical knowledge and challenges, but also knows about risk and financial exposures.

·        Adding an independent director who knows cyber risk and ISAC (Information Sharing and Analysis Centre) helps.

·        Strategy officers, chiefs of compliance, or chief legal officers are some suggestions from experts in the cyber security and data privacy industry.

·        CISOs are moving beyond mind-numbing tech reports to learn the language and skills needed to communicate with board members.

·        Still, CISOs have every reason to paint a pretty picture in reporting to the board. Experts advise that the burden is on your board to assure the CISO to be comfortable in bringing bad news.

KEY POINTS

·        According to the Forest Department, during 2020-21, there were 24,740 cases related to crop damage by wild animals; 3,019 cases of cattle kill; and 36 human deaths in the State.

·        The cost of the conflict, both in terms of deaths and crop damage, is being borne by the people living on the forest fringes and in villages. This means there could be less local support for wildlife conservation.

·        Though mitigatory initiatives are imperative, some believe that they only address the symptoms and not the cause.

·        This is because the increase in conflicts and the rise in human deaths is perceived to be a direct fallout of the government’s conservation measures on the one hand and development policies on the other, which are at odds with each other.

·        Conservationists argue that procuring plantations and land abutting forest areas can augment and strengthen the buffer zone and help reduce conflicts.

·        The government has also opposed the Union Environment Ministry’s notification on Ecologically Sensitive Areas in the Western Ghats that could help protect green cover.

·        Last year, it denotified 6.5 lakh ha of deemed forest. If policies such as these, which are detrimental to the environment.

Q. 2) cyber attacks

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