General Studies – II
Government Policies
1) Investing in the training of legal and para-legal professionals in disability law has economic and social benefits. Elaborate (200 Words)
Refer - Business Line
2) With a mix of right policies, there are greater prospects for demographic advantage than demographic disaster. Do you agree with this view? Comment (200 Words)
Refer - The Hindu
General Studies – III
Internal Security
3) The government must continue to try to win the support and confidence of the tribal people of south Bastar to curb Maoist movement. Discuss (200 Words)
Refer - The Hindu
Enrich the answer from other sources, if the question demands.
IAS Parliament 2 years
KEY POINTS
· India’s Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act of 2016 is a vital law that intends to secure and advance the rights of persons with disabilities (PWDs).
· The shortage of trained para-legal professionals is also a significant challenge, with only a fraction of the 100,000 para-legal volunteers in India receiving training on disability law.
· According to a survey conducted by the National Centre for Promotion of Employment for Disabled People (NCPEDP), only 10 per cent of law colleges in India offer courses on disability law.
· For example, a para-legal professional trained in disability law helped a visually impaired woman secure her rights to a pension, which had been denied due to her disability.
· In another instance, a lawyer trained in disability law represented a person with cerebral palsy in a discrimination case, successfully securing compensation and legal remedies for the individual.
· Training should focus on building a comprehensive understanding of the Act and its provisions, as well as practical skills in advocacy and representation for PWDs.
· Such training can be provided through specialised courses, workshops, on-the-job training, and mentoring.
· This will help in ensuring that legal professionals and para-legal volunteers are trained in disability law and are better equipped to represent PWDs.
KEY POINTS
· Considering the limited information for both China and India, especially in the absence of the Census 2021, it is difficult to predict the exact date on which this demographic order will change.
· While the debate on population growth in India is not new, there are general and pessimistic views over this change in demographic rank order.
· Population in itself is not a burden. Instead, it is the nature of population growth, size and its composition that decides when a population becomes a “resource” or a “burden.
· With 68% of the working age population in 2023, the country continues to have a demographic window of opportunity for the next 35 years to reap an economic dividend.
· Education, skills generation and ensuring a healthy lifespan by preventing diseases and disabilities are also important channels that translate demographic opportunity into economic gains.
· Good governance, reflected through conscientious policies, is another important aspect for reaping demographic dividend as it helps in creating a healthy environment for increasing efficiency and productivity of the population.
· What is causing more damage than climate change and economic harm is invisible and unsustainable production, consumption and unequal distribution more than visible population size.
· If India falls short in this, its “demographic dividend” can become a “demographic disaster”.
KEY POINTS
· The fact that the 10 personnel were returning from a counter-insurgency operation that they had conducted after a tip-off indicates that the Maoist attacks could have been a trap and points to a possible intelligence failure.
· It is incumbent upon the government to investigate the incident, plug security loopholes, find out the Maoist cadre responsible for the attack and to bring them to justice.
· Diligent security actions have certainly curbed their presence outside their stronghold even as the responsiveness and penetration of the Indian state into areas where governmental sway was hitherto absent, has had a mitigatory effect.
· The alienation of a section of tribals caught in the crossfire between security forces and the Maoists has allowed the Maoists to tap into discontent and to retain a presence in the area.
· In the years of counter-insurgency, hard-edged strategies of creating wedges among the tribal population to defeat the Maoists have been counter-productive.
· The government must continue to try to win the support and confidence of the tribal people of south Bastar as that is the surest way of defeating the Maoist movement.
· Any military action that is hastily put together for retribution and which could target innocent tribals will only exacerbate the problem.
