Suswagatam Portal

• Suswagatam is a web-based and mobile-friendly application that allows users to register themselves online.
• The app enables advocates, visitors, interns and others to register themselves online and get e-passes to enter the apex court.
• The users can request for e-passes for various purposes such as attending court hearing, meeting etc.
• The CJI Chandrachud announced about the new digital facility in presence of a five-judge bench hearing the matter related to abrogation of Article 370 of the Constitution.

Assam Rifles

• The Assam Rifles are a central armed police force. It is the only paramilitary force with a dual control structure.
• The AR is one of the 6 central armed police forces (CAPFs) under the administrative control of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) while operational control is with the Indian Army.
• All its senior ranks, from DG to IG and sector headquarters are manned by officers from the Army. The force is commanded by a Lieutenant General of the Indian Army.
• The primary mandate of the Assam Rifles (AR) are counter-insurgency and border guarding.
• The AR is tasked with maintaining law and order in the Northeast along with the Indian Army. It also guards the Indo-Myanmar border.

Porpanaikottai

• Porpanaikottai is situated at Pudukottai, Tamilnadu.
• Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR), a remote sensing method, indicated that a fort had existed there.
• The age of the fort to be around 13th century to 14th century.
• The name Porpanaikottai could have been derived from the designative name of the Paana chieftain clan or based on the village’s name Porpanai.
• The site had grave goods indicating a burial site, conch bangles, fragments of red and black pots, of pots engraved with Tamili, iron fragments, glass beads and weapons made of bones.
• A golden nose stud or earring weighing 0.2g, a bone point and a fragment of carnelian bead was found at this site.

• The fort area had temples for Muneeswaran and Karuppan on all four sides, ruins of a palace and there were signs of waterbodies inside too.
• A hero stone mentioning the name of one Kanangkumaran who hailed from Adhavanur was found at the site.
• Sangam Age - The Sangam Age is a period that is dated from 300 BCE to 300 CE.
• The excavation sites of Sangam Age include:

1. Keeladi
2. Sivagalai
3. Adichanallur
4. Kodumanal

Red Sea

• Red Sea is situated between Africa (Egypt, Sudan, and Eritrea) and the Arabian Peninsula (Saudi Arabia and Yemen).
• It is a part of the Great Rift Valley.
• The northern portion of the Red Sea is bifurcated by the Sinai Peninsula into the Gulf of Aqaba and the Gulf of Suez, where it is connected to the Mediterranean Sea via the famous Suez Canal.
• The Red Sea is linked with the Gulf of Aden and the Arabian Sea by the straits of Bab el Mandeb.

• The Red Sea contains some of the world’s hottest and saltiest seawater.
• With its connection to the Mediterranean Sea via the Suez Canal, it is one of the most heavily traveled waterways in the world, carrying maritime traffic between Europe and Asia.
• Its name is derived from the colour changes observed in its waters. Normally, the Red Sea is an intense blue-green.
• Sometimes it is populated by extensive blooms of the algae Trichodesmium erythraeum, turn the sea a reddish brown colour.

Languages in UN

As China had objected to the use of non-UN languages like Sanskrit in any of the G-20 texts, the central government defends use of Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam in the recent G-20 meeting.

• Languages in UN - There are 6 official languages of the UN.
• The official languages was adopted by UN in 1946.
• These are Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish.
• Official languages - They are the languages in which all official United Nations documents are made available.
• Most UN documents are issued in all six official languages, requiring translation from the original document.
• Working languages - They are used for internal communications among staff.
• English and French are the working languages of the Secretariat.
• Some of the other official languages may also be working languages in the Regional Commissions.