One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)

• One Nation One Subscription, is a Central Sector Scheme for providing country-wide access to scholarly research articles and journal publication.
• The scheme will be administered through a simple, user friendly and fully digital process.
• This will be a “One Nation One Subscription” facility for the government higher education institutions and R&D laboratories of the central government.
• This will supplement the ANRF initiative to promote research and development and foster a culture of research and innovation throughout government universities, colleges, research institutions, and R&D laboratories.
• The scheme is coordinated by a central agency, namely the Information and Library Network (INFLIBNET), an autonomous inter-university centre of the University Grants Commission (UGC).
• The scheme covers Over 6,300 institutions.

Guru Tegh Bahadur

November 24 is commemorated as the Shaheedi Divas of Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth guru of the Sikhs, who was executed on the orders of Aurangzeb in 1675.

• Tegh Bahadur was born in Amritsar on April 21, 1621 to Mata Nanki and Guru Hargobind, the sixth Sikh guru, who raised an army against the Mughals and introduced the concept of warrior saints.
• Guru Tegh Bahadur had built a ‘bhora’ (basement) in his house at Bakala where he spent most of his time in meditation.
• He was married to Mata Gujri at Kartarpur in 1632, and subsequently left for Bakala near Amritsar.
• After Guru Ram Das, the fourth Sikh guru, the guruship became hereditary.
• Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed on the orders of Aurangzeb in 1675.
• At the site of Guru Tegh Bahadur’s execution stands Gurdwara Sis Ganj Sahib in Delhi’s Chandni Chowk.
• Philosophical Contributions – Advocated universal brotherhood by fighting against the religious discrimination, caste-based discrimination and untouchability.
• He believed religion is a duty, not just a belief system.
• He promoted the principle of "Vasudhaiv Kutumbkam" (world is one family).
• Spiritual Characteristics – Remained calm and meditative even during torture.
• He emphasized non-violence and taught importance of maintaining principles in both happiness and sorrow.
• He composed spiritual hymns (shabads).
• Cultural Impact – Considered a pivotal figure in preserving religious diversity.
• Inspired future generations of Sikhs and Indians.
• His sacrifice is seen as a watershed moment in India's cultural resistance.

Fintech Association for Consumer Empowerment (FACE)

• Fintech Association for Consumer Empowerment (FACE) is the first self-regulating organisation in the fin-tech sector recognised by the Reserve Bank of India.
• It was established as a non-profit Company in Sep 2020, with currently around 70 members, representing the plurality of the FinTech sector across domains, scale, activities and regulatory status.
• FinTechs collaborate on the FACE platform to advance digitalisation, consumer-centricity, innovation, and financial inclusion.
• Governance structure – It has a two-tier governance structure that include:
  1. General Body
  2. Board
• General Body – It consists of all members and carries the responsibility for the overall vision and purpose of the FACE.
• The General Body is the custodian of the Article of Association that rules that govern all aspects of the Association.
• It exercises powers over the Board constitution, activity plans and financials.
• Board – The management and oversight of the operations and funds vests with the Board of Directors, which shall comprise not less than two (2) or more than fifteen (15) individuals, one of whom shall be the Chairperson.
• The General Body elects the Member Directors from amongst members and confirms the appointment of Independent Directors as approved by the Board.

UN Women

• UN Women is the United Nations entity dedicated to gender equality and the empowerment of women which was created in July 2010.
• It is a global champion for women and girls, UN Women was established to accelerate progress on meeting their needs worldwide.
• UN Women supports UN Member States as they set global standards for achieving gender equality and works with governments and civil society.
• It aids to design laws, policies, programmes and services needed to ensure that the standards are effectively implemented and truly benefit women and girls worldwide.
• The Femicides in 2023: Global Estimates of Intimate Partner/Family Member Femicides report, is released by UN Women and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).
• The report is released on the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women (November 25).
• The report underscored the severity of the global crisis of femicide, the most extreme form of violence against women and girls.

Hindon River

• The Hindon runs through 7 districts of Uttar Pradesh before joining the Yamuna in Gautam Buddha Nagar district.
• It is a tributary of the Yamuna River and is primarily a rain fed river.
• It originates from the lower Shivalik ranges in Saharanpur District of Uttar Pradesh.
• It flows across the industrial belt of Western Uttar Pradesh for 400 kilometres before discharging into the Yamuna River in Noida.
• Tributaries – The Kali (West) River and Krishni River are the main tributaries of Hindon River.
• Due to urban, agricultural, and industrial waste which is being released without sufficient treatment into its waters, the Hindon is now one of the most polluted stretches in the Ganga basin.
• Issues – Factories in near the river release effluents into the river, especially during the rains, which contaminate the groundwater that we rely on for drinking and for all our domestic needs.