White-naped Tit:

• Bathyphysa conifera, commonly known as flying spaghetti monster is a rare marine species that was documented along the Nazca Ridge off the coast of Chile. (Option (a) is not correct)
• White-naped Tit is a passerine bird endemic to India, which is found in dry thorny scrub forests in two disjunct populations, in western India and southern India. (Option (b) is correct)
• Two new species of rare, toothed toads the Mount Po Ma Lung toothed toad (Oreolalax adelphos) and the Yanyuan toothed toad (Oreolalax yanyuanensis) were discovered in Vietnam and China. (Option (c) is not correct)
• A rare semi-aquatic (amphibious) mouse (Daptomys sp.) was found Peru’s Alto Mayo. (Option (d) is not correct)

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Cyanobacteria

• Cyanobacteria is a photosynthetic microscopic bacteria that live in all types of waterbodies. (Statement 1 is correct)
• It is a single-celled organisms and produces toxins called Cyanotoxins that pose risks to aquatic life . (Statement 2 is correct)
• It is known as Cyanophyta, Cyanoprokaryota, Chloroxybacteria, and Blue-Green Algae. (Statement 3 is correct)

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Jayati Jai Mamah Bharatam:

• JJMB is a spectacular ensemble featured over 5,000+ artists performed more than 50 folk and tribal dance forms at the Republic Day Parade 2025. (Statement 1 is correct.)
• The Ministry of Culture is the Nodal Ministry. (Statement 2 is not correct.)
• The Themes of Jayati Jai Mamah Bharatam is Viksit Bharat, Virasat bhi Vikas bhi and Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat. (Statement 3 is correct.)

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Parkinson’s disease

• Epilepsy also known as a seizure disorder is a brain condition that causes recurring seizures that temporarily affects the consciousness, muscle control and behavior. (Option (a) is not correct)
• Parkinson’s disease is a brain condition that causes problems with movement, mental health, sleep, pain and other health issues. Usually it occurs in older people, and younger people also affected. There is no cure, therapies and medicines can reduce symptoms.  (Option (b) is correct)
•  Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia The disease often results in the following behaviors like Impaired memory, thinking, and behavior, Confusion, Restlessness, Personality and behavior changes, Impaired judgment, Impaired communication etc. Option (c) is not correct
• Encephalitis is inflammation (swelling) of the brain. It can happen when an infection that affects the brain activates the immune system. The inflammation can cause a wide range of symptoms. In extreme cases, it can lead to brain damage, stroke, or even death. (Option (d) is not correct)

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Leprosy

• Leprosy also known as Hansen’s Disease is a neglected tropical disease that primarily affects the nervous system of the Individual. (Statement 1 is correct)
• Leprosy is curable also it is not so contagious, but repeated contact with nose and mouth droplets from someone with untreated leprosy can spread. (Statement 2 is not correct)
• The theme for World Leprosy Day, 2025 is 'Unite, Act, and Eliminate Leprosy'.  (Statement 3 is not correct)
•  In 2024 Jordan became the 1st country to be verified and acknowledged by the WHO for elimination of leprosy. (Statement 4 is correct)

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