Election Commission of India (ECI) :

• The Election Commission of India (ECI) is not a statutory body; it is a constitutional body established under Article 324 of the Indian Constitution to oversee and administer elections in India. Statement 1 is not correct.
• It is a 3-member body made up of one Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) and 2 Election Commissioners. Statement 2 is correct.
• Although all 3 election commissioners are equal, the Chief Election Commissioner like the Chief Justice of India, is considered the first among equals.
• The body administers elections to the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, State Legislative Assemblies, and the offices of the President and Vice President.
• In India, the Election Commission does not administer elections for Panchayats and Municipalities.
• These local body elections are conducted by separate State Election Commissions in each state. Statement 3 is not correct.

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Earthquakes:

• An earthquake is a phenomenon that occurs without warning and involves violent shaking of the ground and everything over it.
• The different types of energy are as follows:

• P waves or primary waves:  These are the first waves to be detected. They are compressional waves that push and pull as they move through rock and fluids and are considered as the fastest wave. Option (a) is not correct.
• S waves or secondary waves: These are the second waves to be detected. It can travel only through solids because they require a medium with rigidity to propagate. They move up and down or side to side, perpendicular to the direction in which the wave is moving. Option (b) is not correct.
• Surface waves: It follows P and S waves. They travel along the surface of the earth and thus cause the most damage. Surface waves can be characterized as Love waves, which are faster and move the ground from side to side. Option (c) is correct.
• Love waves are a type of surface wave that propagate along the Earth's surface after an earthquake. Option (d) is not correct.

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Bacterial Cellulose :

• Bacterial cellulose (BC), also known as microbial cellulose (not a synthetic cellulose), is a biodegradable, natural polymer that is synthesized by bacteria. Statement 1 is correct and statement 3 is not correct.
• It has application on human medicines, paper restoration, food, cosmetics textiles, construction materials, electronics and blood vessel regeneration. Statement 2 is correct.
• The Potential Applications includes Agriculture, such as facilitating grafting, preserving cut plant material and serving as a growth medium in laboratories.

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River Yamuna :

• River Yamuna is the largest tributary of the Ganga in the northern plains. Statement 1 is correct.
• Yamuna originates originates from the Yamunotri glacier in the Garhwal Himalayas of Uttarakhand. Statement 2 is not correct.
• Flowing states - Uttarkhand, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan (not a riparian zone) before it merges with the Triveni Sangam, Ganges River in Allahabad. Statement 3 is correct.
• Tributaries in Himalayas - Rishi Ganga, Kunta, Hanuman Ganga, Tons (largest) and Giri.
• Tributaries in the plains - Hindon, Chambal, Sind, Betwa and Ken.

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Matsya-6000:

• Matsya-6000 is an 4th Generation Indian crewed deep-submergence vehicle being developed for deep-sea exploration under the Samudrayaan mission. Statement 1 is correct.
• Matsya-6000 is equipped with several innovative subsystems that ensure its functionality in the deep ocean environment.
• It is designed and developed by the National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT) under the Ministry of Earth Sciences, not the Ministry of Defence. Statement 2 is not correct.
• It can accommodate up to three humans within its 2.1-meter diameter spherical hull.
• It is designed to operate at depths of up to 6,000 meters for up to 12-16 hours, with an emergency endurance of 96 hours.

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